All grounding electrode conductors in sizes smaller than what must be protected from physical damage by installation in raceway or cable armor?

Grounding electrode conductors must be protected from physical damage to ensure safety and reliability in electrical systems. According to the National Electrical Code (NEC), all grounding electrode conductors that are sized smaller than 6 AWG require protection through installation in a raceway or similar protective method. This requirement is essential to prevent accidental damage that could compromise the grounding system, which plays a vital role in safety by directing fault currents to the ground and ensuring that systems are properly grounded.

The specification for a 6 AWG cut-off reflects a balance between the need for flexibility in installations and the requirement for protection against potential hazards. Conductors like 4 AWG and larger typically have greater physical strength and can usually withstand typical installation environments without additional protective measures. Conductors smaller than 6 AWG are more susceptible to damage, so the NEC mandates their added protection when installed in environments where they may encounter physical stress or abrasion.