Grounding includes two basic concepts. What are they?

The correct answer focuses on two fundamental aspects of grounding: the grounding of equipment and the grounding of systems. Grounding of equipment refers to the practice of connecting electrical equipment to the ground to ensure safety, reduce the risk of electrical shock, and minimize damage from electrical faults. This establishes a safe path for fault currents to flow to the earth, which is crucial in protecting both users and devices.

The grounding of systems involves connecting the electrical system itself to the ground, which helps stabilize voltage levels and provides a common reference point that is necessary for proper operation. This is particularly important for utility systems and large installations where maintaining system integrity is essential.

Understanding these two concepts is vital for anyone involved in electrical work, as they form the foundational principles that ensure safety and compliance with electrical codes. In contrast, other answer choices mix components or aspects of grounding that do not capture the comprehensive nature of the grounding principles recognized in electrical standards and practices.