Is a ground rod electrode always required to be driven into the earth?

A ground rod electrode is not always required to be driven into the earth because the National Electrical Code (NEC) provides various options for grounding systems that can be used depending on the specific installation conditions. While driving a ground rod into the earth is a common practice to establish a grounding point, there are alternatives that may be acceptable based on local codes, the type of electrical installations, and whether other grounding methods are available and effective.

For instance, in certain scenarios, using a concrete-encased electrode or metal underground water piping system can fulfill the grounding requirement without the need for a driven ground rod. Therefore, stating that it is necessary to always install a ground rod does not align with the actual flexibility allowed by the code in various situations.