What is the primary goal of grounding in electrical systems?

The primary goal of grounding in electrical systems is to ensure safety by providing a fault current path. Grounding creates a low-resistance path for electric current to follow in the event of a fault, such as a short circuit or insulation failure. This allows excess current to flow safely to the ground, which significantly reduces the risk of electric shock, equipment damage, and fire hazards. By establishing a reliable and effective grounding system, electrical systems can protect both people and equipment from the dangers associated with electrical faults.

While increasing device functionality, enhancing circuit performance, and reducing energy consumption are all important aspects of electrical systems, they do not directly relate to the core purpose of grounding. Grounding is fundamentally concerned with safety and mitigation of electrical hazards.